Customer Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Client Care - Essay Example This is an open door for the business to acquaint new changes all together with hold its serious in the market (Shaw, 2011). On the off chance that the organization was not the main firm in the market, it can accept this as an open door to make the primary changes, a perspective that would pull in the steadfastness of the clients towards its items or administrations. Hence, it can increase a serious edge in the market by presenting new changes that target fulfilling the necessities of the objective market. Grievances by the clients make an open door for the business to start an exploration on the most proficient method to fulfill the premiums of the objective market. This is through thinking of imaginative thoughts which are later (Shaw, 2011). A considerable lot of the organizations have recognized new roads of improving the business execution while attempting to search for approaches to address the protests made by the clients. Hence, client grievances can go about as a defining moment for the

Cultural Diversity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Social Diversity - Essay Example Thusly, these issues should be settled at administrative just as individual level. The United States has had a broad history of decent variety. Assorted variety has saturated in each part of the general public of United State and there is no indication of it getting diminished. The new wonder which I learnt is the fundamental explanation of social assorted variety, which is Immigration. Movement of individuals from everywhere throughout the world has made America the most broadened nation ever. Individuals from each network, nation and state are living in America. The social history of United States tells that the nation has never been such a great amount of different until the most recent two decades. From the previous 20 years, United States has experienced a few difficulties in making do with assorted variety. Failure to comprehend the enhanced social dialects, customs, convictions and legacy has become a significant obstruction in the method of incorporation. Direction of decent variety incorporates cooperation, experience and individual comprehension with different culture. In the previous not many decades, a huge number of individuals moved to America in the pursuit of better life, employment and security. Relocations of a great many individuals including Asians, Hispanics, African-American has caused incredible decent variety in the conditions of America. As indicated by a urban humanist, Robert Lang, by 2050, Americans would think back and feel that it wouldn’t be a serious deal to control the migration and assorted variety debates. A demographer at Brookings Institution, William Frey, says that by taking a gander at the present circumstance, the number of inhabitants in white individuals in next twenty years can't be valued. As per his forecasts, there are more prominent possibilities for America in future to have populace containing all ethnicities and races. The domain of decent variety in United States keeps on developing as the time passes on. The reasons because of which professionals are worried to the issue of

Analyse The Data With SPSS, Create Your Own Research Question And

Analyse The Data With SPSS, Create Your Own Research Question And Analyse The Data With SPSS, Create Your Own Research Question And Write Up A Lab Report â€" Assignment Example > Introduction The general well-being of the teacher can be taken to be a measure of teachers’ satisfaction with different facets of the overall life which may comprise areas like recreation activities, family life and others. Teachers may be affected with negative life event stressors which are concerned with sources of stresses in every day’s life. This include aspects such as birth of baby, moving house, getting married, death of a family member or close friend, being hospitalized due to serious illness etc. Well-being reflects the extent to which teachers are satisfied with different facets of their overall life, including their job (it includes areas such as family, recreational activities, etc). Somatic complains are described as being minor, general physical problems that may be encountered by people in their everyday life and may include frequent nausea, headaches, breathing difficulties and feeling of tightness in the chest. This are regarded as being symptomatic of per sistent mild-to-moderate psychological stress. Another factor that can affect the teacher negatively is student misbehavior. This is to do with the extent to which teachers’ daily teaching activities are interfered with by recurrent misbehavior of the student. Teachers may have uncertainty about their future job career and desire to remain in the teaching profession and this is addressed under job ambiguity. The perception of the teacher on the level of support received from their principal both professionally and personally is described under social support. These study consist of two partsResearch Study 1: This study investigated how teachers’ level of general wellbeing was predicted by their experience of negative life event stressors, level of somatic complaints, student misbehavior, and whether they are males or females. Research questions in this part of study areIs teachers level of general wellbeing negatively affected by negative life stressor, somatic complaints and s tudent well beingDoes teacher well being have significant difference between male and female teachersResearch Study 2: This study investigated differences among four age groups of teachers in their perceived level of job ambiguity and social support from their principal. Research questions for this section of the study areDoes variation in scores of perceived level of job ambiguity depend on the age group of the teacherDoes variation in scores of perceived level of social support depend on the age group of the teacherResults and discussion Study 1 findingsRelationship between general wellbeing and negative lifestressor, somatic complaints and student misbehaviorCorrelation test was used to determine the relationship between general wellbeing and negative lifestressor, somatic complaints and student misbehavior with the result being as shown in table 1. From the table it can be seen that there was a moderate negative correlation between general wellbeing and negative life event stres sors which was significant r (198)= -0.355 p=. . The correlation between general wellbeing and somatic checklist was significant r(198) = -0.4 p=. 000. The correlation between general wellbeing and level of student misbehavior was also significant r(198) = -0.327 p=. 000. All the three variables were positively correlated to each of at a significant level 0.000Table 1NEGATIVE LIFE EVENT STRESSORSSOMATIC CHECKLIST SCALELEVEL OF STUDENT MISBEHAVIOURGENERAL WELL-BEING-. 355**-. 400**-. 327**LEVEL OF STUDENT. 205**. 334**SOMATIC CHECKLIST SCALE. 376****. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

Mental Health Services Act ( Prop ) - 1624 Words

MHSA TERM PAPER Mental Health Services Act (MHSA Prop 63) The Mental Health Services Act is a monumental proposition that has helped many people for more than a decade. In California alone, close to 1.2 million adults and around 422,000 children live with a serious mental illness (State 2010). Without the proper treatment, suicide is the leading cause of death for a person battling an untreated mental illness (State 2010). With over thirteen billion dollars raised so far, MHSA has been the root of funding for mental health in California (Williams 2015). MHSA is still a work in progress. The act is nowhere near perfect, as a recent audit has shown, but it is certainly a step in the right direction. In 2004 an Assemblyman by the name of†¦show more content†¦These two men set out on a campaign with the theme â€Å"fix the broken promise† which referred to Ronald Regan’s promise to use the funding that came from the closing of many mental hospitals for the care of the discharged patients (Peck 2005). The campaign put toge ther â€Å"pilot programs† like the programs that are offered today in the actual act (Peck 2005). There was an overwhelming positive reaction with a â€Å"56% reduction in hospital stays, a 72% reduction in jail stays, and a 65% increase in people with full-time jobs† (Peck 2005). With law enforcement on their side (having seen what these programs would do to decrease the mentally ill population), they gained a tremendous amount of supporters for their cause. Darrell Stein dedicated a year of his life for this cause and helped raise close to $4.6 million for the campaign (Peck 2009). The Mental Health Services Act is designed to accumulate and distribute funds to county mental health programs (upon program plan approval). There are five different areas that the act helps with funding in mental health. The first is Community Services Support (CSS) which helps fund the pairing of mental health care with primary health care settings. CSS also provides mental health support services to people that aren’t able to receive the services elsewhere (Dchs.ca.gov 2015). CSS has some main objectives including reduction of homelessness, justice and child welfare system

Decision Usefulness Approach - 2877 Words

| Decision Usefulness Approach | Can the decision usefulness approach make financial reporting more useful? | | | | | Prepared by Jing Wang Abstract This paper explores the question whether the financial statements can be made more useful. This leads to an important concept in accounting-- the concept of decision usefulness. To properly understand this concept, this paper outlines other theories from economics and finance to assist in conceptualizing the meaning of useful financial statement information. The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of decision usefulness approach, related†¦show more content†¦Therefore, in order to adopt the decision usefulness approach, three major questions must be addressed: 1. Who are the users of financial statements? It is helpful to categorize users into broad groups, such as investors, creditors, managers, unions, standard setters, and governments, etc. These groups are called constituencies of accounting. * Investors * Holders of equity securities, such as common stocks, preferred shares * Holders of partnership interest * Other equity holders or owners * Creditors * Purchaser of debt instrument * Lend economic resources * Manager * Inside financial statements provider and user * Has a different incentive of using financial statements than outsiders’ * Other users (provide resources) * Employees – provide human capital in exchange for salary, remuneration and pension. * Suppliers – extend credit to facilitate sales. * Customers – prepay for goods and services. * Union, standard setters and governments-provide policies and regulations. In order to take a close look into various financial statement users’ behaviour, two theories or concepts should be outlined here: * Single-person decision theory Single-person decision theory takes the viewpoint of an individual who much make a decision under conditions of uncertainty. * It suggests how a rational individual makes optimal decisions in the presence of uncertainty. * ItShow MoreRelatedMeasurement Approach to Decision Usefulness1497 Words   |  6 PagesMEASUREMENT APPROACH TO DECISION USEFULNESS †¢ (184) MEASUREMENT APPROACH: i. ii. iii. Accountants (not investors) â€Å"undertake a responsibility† To incorporate CURRENT VALUE ACCOUNTING directly in to the F/S Provided â€Å"reasonable (37) reliability† iv. v. a. b. As part of an â€Å"increased obligation† of the accounting profession â€Å"To assist investors to predict future performance and value† Performance = N.I. Value = share price vi. Via a â€Å"more informative information system† Read MoreAn Exploration Of Andrew Lennards Article : Stewardship And The Objective Of Financial Statements1473 Words   |  6 Pagesof financial reporting, specifically; stewardship and decision-usefulness, and whether these should be a single joint objective, or two separate ones. Through his writing, Lennard educates his readers on the argument and helps them develop their own opinions. The base of the article is built around IASB’s preliminary views which work on the conceptual idea that the financial reporting framework should have an objective of decision-usefulness, and enough information will be able to be drawn fromRead MoreFinancial Accounting Theory the Reporting Environment1578 Words   |  7 Pagesto explaining why current practice is carried out in the manner that it is (positive theory). Normative theorists usually attempt to derive either the ‘true income’ or adopt the ‘decision — usefulness’ approach whereby accounting reports are an input into users’ decisions (e.g., to buy or sell shares, management decisions on the financial wealth of firms, etc.). The major issues are the impact of the changing price environment (prices) and the impact on income, assets, liabilities and equity. As aRead MoreEssay On Learning Transfer1325 Words   |  6 PagesProgram Evaluation Model The Decision-based Approach The decision-based approach is appropriate for a program established to increase retention because it allows questions to be utilized in the guidance of the program rather than objectives serving as the criteria for the program (Spaulding, 2014). Questions are asked by those directly involved in the program, such as directors that seek clarity to an issue like retention among adult learners. The decision-based approach allows questions to be presentedRead MoreFinancial Accounting Theory - Ball and Brown Study1674 Words   |  7 Pagesimpact the share price, is the efficient capital market. Namely, the efficient security market will go hand in hand with full disclosure. Once the relevant information provided by the management on the timely basis, the rational investors could make decision based on the new information. Moreover, there are some differences between the narrow window and the long window, the previous one show the strong relationship between the financial report and the changes in share price. In long window, the priceRead MoreUsefulness and Reliability of Information Provided By Corporations1474 Words   |  6 Pagesreporting is the usefulness and reliability of information provided by corporations. The financial accounting standard board defines usefulness as the information that is useful for the users in decision making (FASB, 2011). Reliability is inferred when the information is verified, objective, and can be relied on. Therefore, Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157 standardizes the valuation and disclosure of fair value for assets and liabilities in order to achieve both usefulness and reliabilityRead MoreHow Models Can Be Beneficial For Sustainability Science?1042 Words   |  5 Pagesthat will lead to the best decisions regarding the longevity of environm ental systems and how to go about ensuring the sustainability of these systems. Models can be beneficial in sustainability science and provide useful information pertaining to scientists and policy makers, but that requires proper use and implementation. Models have some risk associated with them in regards to sustainability science, and if not considered, a model can have shortcomings in usefulness. By looking at both the valuesRead MoreAmerican Idol Case632 Words   |  3 Pagesdefinition of the problem presented when Marcello amp; Litzenberger analyze that professionals resistance to pursing marketing research. b) Only Mentioned Development of an Approach to the Problem.- This step occurs when they identify the information that they needed to make their objective (demonstrating the usefulness of marketing research) or theoretical framework come true, and make hypotheses. c) Research Design Formulation.- This next step is acquired when the characters decided to â€Å"whatRead MoreA Business Perspective Of Management Discipline1299 Words   |  6 Pagesbusiness sense and we look at them in the world of medicine and law there are several key similarities. These include but are not limited to the fact that there are tough decisions that need to be made. Decisions that affect the outcome of day to day activities, projects, and what not are all effected by people making tough decisions. Furthermore I believe that the discipline relates to how in most cases and most of the time people either in management, medicine, or law attempt to make the greatestRead MorePrincipal vs Rule Based Accounting1733 Words   |  7 Pagesfocused on objectives and hence user-friendly to the masses. (3) It is said that rules provide greater comparability due to application of consistent rules on events and transactions. Furthermore, Sunder’s article argues that IFR S’s principle-based approach introduces more judgement, â€Å"giving rise to greater variability in application than a more detailed rule†. However, comparability can be enhanced under PBA if more disclosures are made on key judgements made. (4) Due to its authoritative and prescriptive

Do You Think Parents Should Be Punished for the Crimes Their Teenage Children Commit Free Essays

Do you think parents should be punished for the crimes their teenage children commit? Teenage crimes are on the rise and in trying to prevent this condition from aggravating, people start to consider an alternative solution – to punish the parents instead. The question is, are parents really the core of the problem or are there other bigger issues we have to consider? Punishing parents by law is certainly not the ideal way to handle these rising crime rates. Though it cannot be denied that parents are responsible to a small extent, they should not be punished by law for the crimes their teenage children commit simply because they have limited influence and control over them As studies have shown, parents are not the only influence in a child’s behaviour. We will write a custom essay sample on Do You Think Parents Should Be Punished for the Crimes Their Teenage Children Commit? or any similar topic only for you Order Now What plays a bigger role is the society. The school and the media are two major components. Typical children in today’s society spend majority of their youth in school, not at home. In schools, these teenagers are often affected by peer pressure. They are often blinded by this desire to be accepted and to blend in with the rest of their friends. Many a times, children are influenced by the wrong kind of peer pressure – pressure to behave inadequately, including committing crimes. The media is another powerful influence. The pervasiveness of the media makes it difficult for children to avoid all those violence and negative demonstrations in television programs, movies, music, advertisements and so on. What children see and hear from their friends or the media are often reflected in their actions. Exposure to such an undesirable environment with many negative influences have instigated them to make the wrong decision and lead the wrong path. Children do not always grow up to become the kind of person their parents desired. Parents could have provided their children with appropriate moral education, living conditions and the warmth of a family. Unfortunately, due to all these powerful external influences from the society, their children turned out to be a huge contrast to what the parents were expecting. Moreover, it is beyond the parents’ capabilities to achieve complete control ver their children’s actions. In this phase of life, teenagers are often rebellious and tend to oppose their parents. Parents have limited control over their children. In other words, they have only as much control as their children would allow them to. Every individual has his or her own mindset, rights and ability to make decisions. It is impossible for one to have full control over ano ther. Therefore, parents cannot be expected to control the uncontrollable. In addition, children can abuse the law in order to get their parents to let them have their own way. All they have to do is to threaten that they would commit a crime and get their parents into trouble with the law. If this is beyond the parents’ control, punishing parents for their children’s crimes will not work since it does not in any way allow them to have complete control over their children’s actions. Furthermore, it might even put parents in a difficult position. In face with situations like this, parents are helpless too. On the contrary, parents are the ones who brought their children into this world, not the society. It was their choice and they have to take responsibility for it. Creating a child is different from nurturing a child. Nurturing would require parenting, and parenting encompasses a myriad of responsibilities. Parents have to teach their children of the moral values and it is from all these values that children can learn to control their own actions independently. If parents neglect their children, it is not surprising that they are easily influenced by the society and cannot make the right decisions – the result of bad parenting. Parents are responsible for their children’s crimes, however, to only a small extent. Appropriate parenting is crucial. Nevertheless, even the best brought-up children can go astray too, like any other children, because of all the society’s negative influences. Due to limited control, parents can do nothing much if their children has set their mind into committing the crime. Therefore, it makes no sense for parents to be punished for crimes their teenage children commit. In fact, parents have already paid the price through all the disappointment and shame. Hence, neither is it justified, nor effective, to punish parents for a situation which society has created. How to cite Do You Think Parents Should Be Punished for the Crimes Their Teenage Children Commit?, Papers

Financial Analysis of Wesfarmers Ltd †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Financial Analysis of Wesfarmers Ltd. Answer: Introduction The aim of this report is to examine financial performance of Wesfarmers Ltd over the year 2015 and 2016 financial years. The area of efficiency, liquidity, solvency and profitability would be assessed and which would be of great interest to potential investors who are key stakeholders in this case and who invests in highly competitive business conditions. Data from the companys 2015 and 2016 annual reports would be used in presenting and analysing the company financial performance and in making inferences or recommendations about its financial prospects. In essence, only consolidated figures are used including analysis of balance sheet, statement of cash flow and income statement. Further, overall summary with key recommendations about the company on whether potential investors should invest in the company or not will be made. Wesfarmers Ltd is the largest conglomerates in the globe operating over six business segments in Australia, whose headquarter is in Perth, Australia. Furthermore, Wesfarmers Ltd is one of the highly reputable firms listed on ASX, with around 500,000 shareholders and 200,000 employees (Wesfarmers 2016). It was usually established as small Western Australian Farmer Co-operative but has not diversified into numerous sectors like resource, insurance and retail and is currently generating revenue of more than $50 billion per year. Basically, Wesfarmers Ltd is usually a diversified firm operating departmental stores, coal mining, supermarkets, officer supplies and home improvement, chemicals, industrial and safety products, insurance, fertilize and energy products. It most common brands of this company include Coles, Kmart and Target. In addition, Wesfarmers Ltd is known as a highly profit making firm in Australia. Wesfarmers competes with Myer Holdings, ADAIRS FPO, Reject Shop and JB Hi a nd operates over 787 Coles supermarket and offer credit cards, car, home, landlord and life insurance products. It also has over 865 liquor stores under Vintage Cellars, First Choice Liquor and Liquorland (Wesfarmers 2016). The company supplies building materials, technology products, and retail office and also supplies ammonium nitrate, sodium cyanide, wood plastic composite decking, industrial chemicals, polyvinyl chloride resins as well as sodium. Financial analysis is very crucial in this case since it help potential investors in making better decisions as to whether to invest in Wesfarmers Ltd. While conducting a financial analysis, three categories are used, that is financial statement analysis, ratio analysis as well as stock movement analysis for the past two years. Based on the company income statement, it is evident that Wesfarmers Ltd has a net profit of around $407 million in the financial year 2016. This was relatively lesser as compared to the previous year. In addition, a strong performance across most of it business are found to have been offset by the challenging trading situations as well as restructuring activities in the Target as well as the impacts of relatively lower commodity prices in the resources business. Despite relatively lower net income, Wesfarmers reported a net sale of around $65,981million in the financial year 2016 which was mostly attributed by its continued efforts to invest in the customer value, stores, service, improved merchandise ranges and online ranges in delivering improved returns and long-term growth (Wesfarmers 2016). Further, based on its cash flow statement, it is evident that Wesfarmers reported an operating cash flow of around $3,365 million in the financial year 2016 which was $426 or 11.2% far much below the previous year. This lower operating cash flow mostly displayed a higher working capital in retail portfolio. In addition, its net capital expenditure was around $1,336 million which was 13.9% lower as compared to the previous year. Further, proceeds from the disposals for the company in 2016 was $563 million which was also relatively lower compared to the financial year 2015, which was as a result of fewer retail property sales (Wesfarmers 2016). Overall, the company had a gross capital expenditure of around $1,899 million which was $340 million lower compared 2015. Its free cash flow was $1,233 million which was 34.9% below the previous year. Further, Wesfarmers Ltd maintained strong balance sheet within the year. The net financial debt for the company over the financial year 2016 was $5,727 million which was far much above the previous year. The increase was as a result of acquisition of the Homebase as well as working capital investments. Capital employed in 2016 was $27,663 million which was lower as compared to the figures recorded in 2015. Further, based on Wesfarmers Ltd balance sheet, working capital for the company increased with receivables and inventories increasing in 2016 partially offset by increasing payables (Wesfarmers 2016). This ratio is used in measuring level of liquidity in an organization. It is also referred to as working capital ratio as it is obtained by dividing current assets by an organizations current liabilities (Peavier 2012). Based on the Table 1 below, it is evident that current ratio for Wesfarmers Ltd for the past two years was 0.935 in 2015 and 0.929 in 2016. This means that for the past two years, the company was experiencing difficulties in settling its short-term debts commitments. 2015 2016 Current ratio 0.935 0.929 The ratio is used assessing the capacity of a given company in settling off all its short-term debts with it most liquid assets without liquidation of inventories (Peavier 2012). From the Table 2 below, it is evident that Wesfarmers Ltd quick ratio was 0.23 in 2015 which later decreased in 2016. The figures are clear indication that for the past two years, Wesfarmers Ltd was experiencing some issues in paying off its short-term obligations. 2015 2016 Quick ratio 0.23 0.19 This ratio is used in measuring amount of income or profit that is earned per each dollar of sales. It is computed by dividing net income by total revenue (Peavier 2012). The results from Table 3 below show that profit margin for the company was 0.62%. The figure was relatively higher as compared to the peer average which was -5.5% but it was relatively lower as compared to the previous year. The decrease in net profit margin is a clear indication that the company income earned per dollar of sales has been decreasing over the years. Table 3: Wesfarmers Ltd net profit margin for the past two years 2015 2016 Net profit margin 3.91% 0.62% Return on asset This ratio is used in measuring efficiency of an organization in utilizing assets to generate income (Peavier 2012). Based on Table 2 below, it is evident that is ROA for the financial year 2016 was 1.00%. This figure shows a significant decrease from 2015 where a ROA of around 6.04 was recorded. The decrease in ROA is a clear indication that Wesfarmers is inefficient or ineffective in managing its assets to generate income. 2015 2016 ROA 6.04% 1.00% Return on equity The ratio is used in measuring overall performance of an organization earned per each dollar of investment. It is computed by dividing net income by an organizations equity (Peavier 2012). As from Table 5 below, it is evident that is ROE for the year was 1.77%. This figure is relatively high as compared to its peer average which is -15.17%, meaning that the company is more efficient in utilizing its equity to generate income as compared to its peers. Nonetheless, the figure was relatively lower as compared to the figures recorded in 2015, meaning that the company was not efficient enough in utilizing its shareholders equity to generate income. 2015 2016 ROE 9.85% 1.77% The ratio is useful since it is used in measuring organization efficiency. Here, a higher asset turnover shows how efficient an organization is in utilizing its total assets to generate revenue (Peavier 2012). Based on the Table 6 below, it is evident that total asset turnover for the company was 1.55 in 2015 which later increased to 1.62 in 2016. The increase in total asset turnover is a clear indication that Wesfarmers Ltd is more efficient in utilizing its assets to generate revenue. 2015 2016 Asset turnover 1.55 1.62 The ratio is used in measuring number of times an organizations inventories are used or sold within a given period. From Table 7 below, it is evident that Wesfarmers Ltd inventory turnover was 7.90 in 2015 and in 2016 it was 7.34. 2015 2016 inventory turnover 7.90 7.34 Receivable turnover According to Peavier (2012), receivable turnover is usually a ratio used in measuring how efficiently an organization utilizes its assets. As from Table 8, it is evident that Wesfarmers Ltd receivable turnover increased as from 42.68 in 2015 to around 40.53 in 2016. The figures show that Wesfarmers is efficient in managing its receivables. 2015 2016 Receivable turnover 40.53 42.68 This is a financial ratio used in measuring an organization level of leverage. It is usually obtained by dividing total liabilities of an organization by its total assets (Peavier 2012). From Table 9 below, it is evident that for the last two years, Wesfarmers experienced an increase in debt ratio as from 0.39 in 2015 to 0.44 in 2016. The figures are clear indication that the company is less leverage and therefore does not heavily rely on debt in financing its assets. 2015 2016 Debt ratio 0.39 0.44 Debt to equity ratio The ratio is useful since it is utilized in measuring overall level of debt financing in relation to the equity financing. It is usually regarded as the guide to level of control in existence and is computed by dividing an organizations total debts by its shareholders equity (Peavier 2012). Based on Table 10 below, it is evident that debt to equity ratio for the company increased as from 0.63 in 2015 to 0.78 in 2016. Despite the increase in debt to equity ratio, it is evident that for the past two years, the company has been relying heavily on equity financing instead of debt financing. 2015 2016 Debt to equity ratio 0.63 0.78 Market value of Wesfarmers Ltd shares was $41.17 by the first quarter in 2016. This is a decrease from the fourth quarter in 2015. In essence, by looking at the trend in the company stock price for the past one year, it is evident that its stock prices have been on increase with some fluctuations. Furthermore, for the past one year, there has not been major variation in Wesfarmers Ltd stock price and therefore it can be stated that the company has had stable price movement in the last one year. His is mainly due to the fact that its earnings have been relatively strong and have been increasing every year. Wesfarmers Ltd focuses on its operational excellence as well as on diversifying its main operation by acquiring numerous businesses that have sound financials and that has been disposing of their business operations which are viewed to be unprofitable. In addition, the firm reinvested billions of money for it acquisition and growth and focused on paying dividends to its shareholders , which resulted in the positive sentiment for its share price and therefore its stock price has some increasing movement, which is viewed as more or less stable. Conclusion In conclusion, it can be stated that Wesfarmers has lower debt liabilities as compared to its equity and assets. This is a clear view that Wesfarmers is a strong investment quality for potential investors. In addition, it can be concluded that Wesfarmers management is not efficient enough in managing its assets and equity to generate income. This is evidence by a relatively lower ROE and ROA over the years. Nonetheless, based on efficiency and solvency ratios, it can be concluded that Wesfarmers Ltd has very strong performers with significantly robust financial positions which is geared towards its improvement and growth in near future. Therefore, it is recommendable that Wesfarmers could make a good investment opportunity for potential investors who are looking forward to invest their money in a financially strong and healthy company. References Peavier, R., 2012, Financial Ratio Analysis Tutorial 101. [Online]Available at:htp:/bizfinance.about.com/od/yourfinancialpositon/s/financial-ratio-analysis-tutorial- 101.htm [Acesed 6 October 2017] Wesfarmers 2016, Wesfarmers Annual Report, 2016 [Online]Available at:https://www.wesfarmers.com.au/docs/default-source/reports/2016-annual-report.pdf?sfvrsn=4 [Acesed 6 October 2017]

Family Secrets Review Essay Example

Family Secrets Review Paper Essay on Family Secrets Little Philip had always dreamed about the elder brother. This desire was so strong that one day he simply invented, even knowing that the brother really existed So begins the novel by the famous French psychoanalyst Philippe Grimbera family secret. This small volume book tells the tragic story of a Jewish family that had experienced horrors of the Holocaust. From the old and faithful family friends boy learns that once his father had another wife and son, who, unlike from it he was born strong and was proud of his father. Until one day tragedy struck. The ideal family history, created in the imagination of the boy mercilessly crashed against reality. But it makes it stronger. Turns from weak boy teenager in a real man. He begins to understand his father and mother better, trying to help them, took off their shoulders unbearable burden of secrecy. Only its too late. Father took upon himself the burden of guilt is too strong, and the mother suffered all these years. Every minute of waiting, they can return to the first wife and the son of her husband We will write a custom essay sample on Family Secrets Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Family Secrets Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Family Secrets Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The story is told brief but very succinct sentences. The novel is read in one breath and leaves a sea of ​​emotions. Probably not in vain psychoanalyst author of the work. He skillfully reveals the images and shows the feelings of all the characters, despite the fact that the volume of work, as I wrote, is quite small. Now really want to see the film based on this novel. Perhaps no book about World War II can not leave the reader indifferent. All your problems at once seem so small and insignificant compared to what people had to go through back then. Their courage is impossible not to admire. They gave us life and peaceful sky over your head for years to come. By reading these books, it is impossible not to think. With regard to the Holocaust is, I never could, and can not understand it. For me it does not matter what nationality people. We are all humans! Family Secrets Review Essay Example Family Secrets Review Paper Essay on Family Secrets The Little Philip had always dreamed about the elder brother. This desire was so strong that one day he simply invented, even knowing that the brother really existed So begins the novel by the famous French psychoanalyst Philippe Grimbera family secret. This small volume book tells the tragic story of a Jewish family that had experienced horrors of the Holocaust. From the old and faithful family friends boy learns that once his father had another wife and son, who, unlike from it he was born strong and was proud of his father. Until one day tragedy struck. The ideal family history, created in the imagination of the boy mercilessly crashed against reality. But it makes it stronger. Turns from weak boy teenager in a real man. He begins to understand his father and mother better, trying to help them, took off their shoulders unbearable burden of secrecy. Only its too late. Father took upon himself the burden of guilt is too strong, and the mother suffered all these years. Every minute of waiting, they can return to the first wife and the son of her husband We will write a custom essay sample on Family Secrets Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Family Secrets Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Family Secrets Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The story is told brief but very succinct sentences. The novel is read in one breath and leaves a sea of ​​emotions. Probably not in vain psychoanalyst author of the work. He skillfully reveals the images and shows the feelings of all the characters, despite the fact that the volume of work, as I wrote, is quite small. Now really want to see the film based on this novel. Perhaps no book about World War II can not leave the reader indifferent. All your problems at once seem so small and insignificant compared to what people had to go through back then. Their courage is impossible not to admire. They gave us life and peaceful sky over your head for years to come. By reading these books, it is impossible not to think. With regard to the Holocaust is, I never could, and can not understand it. For me it does not matter what nationality people. We are all humans!

taliban essays

taliban essays Afghanistan followed the same fate as dozens of formerly Soviet-occupied countries after the collapse of Moscow's Marxist government in 1991. Islamic factions, which had united to expel the Russian occupiers in 1992, began to fight among themselves when it became apparent that post-communist coalition governments could not overcome the deep-rooted ethnic and religious differences of the members. It was in this atmosphere of economic strife and civil war that a fundamentalist band of religious students emerged victorious. By 1996, this group, the Taliban, ruled 90% of the country with a controversial holy iron hand. The other 10% of the country is tenaciously held by minority opposition groups led by president Rabbani and military commander Ahmed Shah Massoud and aided by foreign Taliban adversaries. This Northern Alliance shares critics' objections to the Taliban's extreme fundamentalist methods and especially scorns Pashtun ethnic chauvinism. Today only Pakistan, the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia recognize the Taliban as Afghanistan's legitimate ruling party. The United Nations still considers Massoud head of State, the US advocates a broad based government and others favor Rabbani, Zahir Shah, Gulbuddin Hekmatyar or other opponents as rulers of Afghanistan. The Taliban claim to follow a pure, fundamentalist Islamic ideology, yet the oppression they perpetrate against women has no basis in Islam. Within Islam, women are allowed to earn and control their own money, and to participate in public life. The 55-member Organization of Islamic Conference has refused to recognize the Taliban as Afghanistan's official government. The Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, regarded by many as an ultraconservative, fundamentalist organization, has denounced the Taliban's decrees. Female employment and education is restricted or banned. Women must stay at home. If necessary, women who do leave the hou...

The Execution of John Brown Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Execution of John Brown - Essay Example The Execution of John Brown On the other hand, the statement of David Hunter Strother on the account of Brown’s execution described in full detail the final moments of John Brown before he was executed. The intended audience are the same – both Southerners and Northerners. The two documents have many parallelisms regarding John Brown’s character and beliefs, but they have a few noteworthy differences. The â€Å"Last Statement† and Strother’s Statement actually had parallelisms. Brown’s â€Å"Last Statement† is the final statement of Brown spoken after he was sentenced to death by the South. Whether it was Brown himself who wrote the speech or someone who simply noted down what he spoke, the speech seems to say one thing: the South has been wrong in its stance for slavery and the North, including Brown himself, is vindicated in their cause. The speech was wholly a denial of the charges and a testament that explained the basis of the abolition. One of the main poin ts that Brown emphasized in his speech is a denial of the accusations previously hurled against him, and he did this with pride. He said, â€Å"I deny everything but what I have all along admitted of a design on my part to free slaves† (Author 148). For Brown, therefore, storming the armory at Harper’s Ferry was not at all a sign of rebellion but rather merely an act to free the slaves. Thus, for him, â€Å"It is unjust that I should suffer such a penalty† (149), and â€Å"I feel no consciousness of guilt†. ... It is actually Brown’s pride that is being shown here, although Strother’s account somehow suggests that Brown died with so much display of haughtiness – as using the words â€Å"grim and grisly smirk,† â€Å"bravado,† and â€Å"alacrity† (300). Strother must have been a sympathizer of the South for him to write the execution account like this, especially as he described Brown as â€Å"notorious† (299). However, towards the second half of Strother’s report, somehow he changes his sentiments to that in favor of Brown. He describes him as rather waiting for his death â€Å"quietly and civilly† and â€Å"without impatience† for such choice of words – â€Å"quietly† and â€Å"civilly† – somehow shows that indeed, for Strother, Brown died with dignity and honor (301). In fact, when someone seated beside Strother told him that Brown was already starting to break down –â€Å"He trembles , his knees are shaking† – Strother rather dismissed it as false (301). For Strother, it is the scaffold that shakes and not Brown’s knees, thus making the other person feel that he was wrong and that Brown here was not the cowardly guilty criminal that the man thought he was but rather a man who is ready to face death and brave enough in accepting his fate (301). What happened then to the original sentiments of Strother at the first half of the article? Perhaps, the hatred in Strother was replaced by admiration for the unflinching manner by which Brown faced his execution. The â€Å"Last Statement† actually contained more information about Brown than Strother’s account of the former’s execution. While Strother only described a man of dignity and honor standing at the scaffold, Brown’s â€Å"Last

How unions benefit employees Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

How unions benefit employees - Term Paper Example Unions are there to make life better for workers, although they as well offer advantages to companies (Yates, 2009). A key benefit that union workers have over their non-union counterparts is compensation. Within a non-union place of dealings, earnings and other compensation are resolved confidentially. There is no assurance that two individuals working on the same post - with the similar qualifications - get the same income and other compensation. A labor union, on the other hand, guarantees that all salaries and compensation are written into the union's agreement. Unions increase salaries of unionized employees by more or less 21 percent and increase compensation, together with both earnings plus other benefits, by more or less 30 percent. Each worker is treated without any prejudice within a union workplace. Preferential treatment does not play a part in who is promoted or what income raise is given. The union agreement indicates when increase in salary takes place, and with how m uch experience the corporation qualifies the employee for a promotion. Everyone is dependent on the similar guiding principle and job tasks. â€Å"Unions reduce wage inequality because they raise wages more for low- and middle-wage workers than for higher-wage workers, more for blue-collar than for white-collar workers, and more for workers who do not have a college degree. Another main advantage of union membership for employees is that seniority is privileged. Within a company, that does not have union representation; the qualifications for a promotion are mostly subjective. In a union, the qualifications for promotion are generally supported by seniority. The level of seniority that is required is spelled out in the union contract. Thus, loyalty is rewarded over a person's subjective opinion of the qualifications of candidates applying for a promotion† (Dray, 2010). Guiding principles within union companies are regular. A company with no union representation can frequently modify its anticipations of employees without notice. In a union organization, these tasks are exclusively established beforehand. This helps both companies as well as workers. Staff has the benefit of more uniformity since they are acquainted with what is expected from them. Employers gain from a more satisfied workers and a reduced amount of time spent on training to implement continuous alterations. Union workers do not have to talk for their own benefit. Instead, union spokespersons talk in support of the whole group. This guarantees impartial dealings with the worker and protects against prejudice within the place of work. An employee can get a better position in discussions when he is united with a mass of workers. Without any help or support, he has little advantage to discuss about raise in salary or enhanced working circumstances. The most extensive benefit for unionized employees is in fringe benefits. â€Å"Unionized personnel are more likely to get paid leave as compar ed to their nonunionized counterparts, are more or less 20 percent to 30 percent more expected to have ‘employer offered’ health insurance, and are 25 percent to 57 percent more likely to be in ‘employer offered’ retirement fund plans† (Mauer, 2001). Unionized employees get more liberal health care advantages as compared to nonunionized employees. They as well pay 19 percent lesser health care deductibles in addition to a lesser share of the

Changing National Curriculum For Physical Education Education Essay

Changing National Curriculum For Physical Education Education Essay Abstract: This essay will embody a critical analysis on the contrasting themes across the differentiated DfEE/QCA 1999 National Curriculum and the newly enforced 2007 published documents, in relation to the subject of physical education. The essay will be formatted and based around discussion on three key curricular themes; creativity, flexibility, and inclusion; ending discussion with a select few more obvious additions to the new National Curriculum for Physical Education (NCPE) To begin it is important to briefly define a general view of physical education within our country; the aim of Physical Education is to develop physical competence so that all children are able to move efficiently, effectively and safely and understand what they our doing. The outcome physical literacy- is as important to childrens overall development as literacy and numeracy. Declaration on Physical Education (2005) The Education Reform Act (1998) outlined the entitlement for all state education pupils to have Physical Education (PE) included as an integral part of the core curriculum. The National Curriculum for Physical Education (NCPE) was introduced for pupils aged between 5-16 years in 1992 and was modified in 1995 (DfC 1995); since revised for schools in England and became fully operational in September 2001, with the New Curriculum being enforced in 2007, meaning the DfEE/QCA 1999 NC is still in place for years 9, 10, 11 and primary schools. Due to the limited word count only the three stated area of discussion will be discussed in explicit detail, but before initiating discussion on these areas, it is important to explain to you the reader the major changes between the two documents; which will bear reference throughout the essay. Firstly the starting point for all the changing in the secondary curriculum is the introduction of the three statutory aims; which give focus for curriculum design, which have never previously existed. Secondly the DfEE/QCA 1999 NCPE has four strands of programme of study, whereas the New NC 2007 has been developed into 5 key processes. The section, key processes most resemble the previous programme of study meaning teaching will be broadly familiar with it. The addition of developing physical and mental capacity recognises the importance of physical qualities and mental determination to the final outcome. The key concepts (competence, performance, creativity, and healthy active lifestyles) ho listically combine what is at the heart of PE giving the learner ideas on what is needed to be physically educated. The breath of study in the DfEE/QCA 1999 NCPE, has been developed further in the 2007 NCPE into a more flexible range and content, focusing the curriculum around pupils developing different ways of thinking that underpin success in a much more flexible array of activities; there is also statutory requirements for pupils to be offered opportunities that engage them with real audiences and real purpose, enabling PE beyond the school context. The first main area of discussion will be based around creativity in the two stated NCPE. Creativity is a diverse slippery concept that is very hard to define; it has variously been described as imaginativeness or ingenuity manifested in any valued pursuit (Elliot 1975: 139); a function of intelligence (Robinson, 2001), or going beyond the conventional agreed (Craft 2000). In relation to an educational context Lavin (2008) notes how the National Curriculum for Physical Education (NCPE) has never taken emphasis towards a creative approach; neither in terms of learning or teaching creatively. Pupils established in the DfEE/QCA 1999 NCPE, have previously been asked to acquire and develop skills, select and apply skills, compositional ideas and tactics; evaluate and improve performance; and have knowledge and understanding of health and fitness. On analyse the only real areas that previously explored the realness of creativity were with dance, games and gymnastic dimensions of the curric ulum. Outdoor and Adventure activities also bared no influence requirement to develop a creative approach; pupils were just expected to enhance problem solving skills which are a very different cognitive process. The National Advisory Committee on Creative and Cultural Education (NACCCE) recognise this by stating that, Creativity and problem solving are not the same thing. Not all problems call for creative solutions or original thinking. Some can be solved routinely and logically. NACCCE (1999:24) Pioneering research like this encouraged an onslaught of new specific initiatives. Over the past few years the notion of creativity has been developed as a constant feature in educational initiatives. In 2003 the Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted) underwent a survey to examine and identify schools good practice in the promotion of creativity. Their report, Expect the Unexpected: Developing Creativity in primary and secondary school, found that there was generally high quality crea tive work. Whats more the Qualifications and Curriculum Authoritys (QCA) creativity project, Creativity find it, promote it (2004) developed a vital resource to encourage the implementation of this concept; by providing practical materials and examples of developing creativity in a school setting. In extension of these initiatives, Roberts (2006) report, Nurturing Creativity in Young People, set out a clear framework to influence the further development of creative approaches to be enforced in the 2007 NCPE. With the launch of the revised Key Stage 3 NC in July 2007, the importance of creative approaches was finally recognised and established. The chief executive of the QCA (2007) quotes; by mixing tradition with more creative approaches to the curriculum, we will achieve our objective of providing successful learners, confident individuals and responsible citizens. As opposed from the DfEE/QCA 1999 NC, one of the five concepts in the new secondary NCPE at Key Stage 3 being creativity. It highlights how pupils need to understand the concept of creativity in order to: Use imaginative ways to express and communicate ideas, solve problems, and overcome challenges. Explore and experiment with techniques, tactics and compositional ideas to produce efficient and effective outcomes. National Curriculum (2007) The Association for Physical Education (Afpe) (2007) state how the importance of creativity within this new curriculum is paramount; being one of the underpinning key concepts of the subject. Young people need opportunity to fire up their imaginations, overcome challenges, explore and experiment with techniques, tactics and compositional ideas, and to be able to express and communicate freely, all to produce efficient and effective outcomes. Kirk, MacDonald and OSullivan (2006) state how creative learners are guided to discover knowledge themselves and to create their own understanding of the subject matter. Which interrelates to the new Personal Learning and Thinking Skills (PLTS) initiative bough in by the government in 2004. This encourages learners personalisation within the curriculum, encouraging them to learn to learn. As a concluding statement for this section of discussion the Afpe (2007) further highlight the much needed government support in association with this educational movement; quoting how the government clearly feel that the nations future in terms of development of a more flexible, dynamic economy, is best served by developing more creativity in our young people. To initiative discussion on curricular flexibility DfE 1995 NCPE, formatted its physical activities through a schedule of units and half units; the 1995 NC stated that; Pupils should be taught Games, at least one other full area of activity (Units A+B), and at least two additional half areas of activity (Unit A) taken from different areas of activity. At least one half area of activity (Unit A) must be either Gymnastics Activity or Dance. (DfE 1995:6) This formatted take of activities made the curriculum very regimented and structured, prohibiting any chance of curriculum change and flexibility of bringing in new activities. Capel and Piotrowski (2000) state how the content in physical education, can be viewed as the passing of traditional culture, meeting the needs of the individual and preparing pupils for life after school. In regards to the creation of a broad balanced content across curricular history; the 1992 NCPE haled considerable bias towards games; whats more in the 1995 DfE NCPE, emphasis on each of the six areas of activity was not equal; games again prevailed as the dominant area. The balance in the DfEE/QCA 1999 NCPE was somewhat re-addressed most notable because games where not compulsory at Key Stage 4. In critical analysis, basing the DfEE/QCA 1999 NCPE on the notion of providing, a broad and balanced curriculum, has featured in many heated discussions about the pragmatic flexibility of the six areas of activity; dance, games, gymnastics, swimming and water safety, athletics, and outdoor and adventures activities. There have been politically based comparisons involving inclusion rates of some of these regimented areas, based on pupils and teachers flexibility and choice. Begging the question, is enough time given to other breath of study areas for pupils to establish a good skill level? It seems not as, Ofsted (2002) alerts us that, time allocated to team games is sometimes between three and five times that for gymnastics, dance and other aspects of the PE curriculum, Ofsted (2002:4) thus completely contradicting the preliminary term; broad and balanced. White (2004) supports this argument further by questioning the appropriateness of the DfEE/QCA 1999 NCPE categories in regards to being institutionalized within our modern culture, as the dominant sports like netball and football, which bare small relevance to modern recreational activities like cycling, jogging and yoga. White (2004) furth er exclaims the non-apparent link to activities pursued in our contemporary youth culture such as skateboarding and BMX biking. The Qcda (2008), bring to light how the new curriculum enforced offers schools greater flexibility and coherence to aid tailor made specific learning to individual learner needs, with less prescribed subject content; although pupils will still be taught the general subject knowledge that was so prevalent in the DfEE/QCA 1999 NC. Crichton Casbon, curriculum adviser for PE at the QCA, divulges how the proposed changes offer teachers more flexibility to be creative; quoting We will know were winning when schools will be designing their own curriculums to suit the needs of their own particular youngsters. Pe and Sport Today (2007:1) The new curriculums range and content aids focus around pupils developing alternative ways of thinking that underlie achievement in altering activities, inhibiting greater flexibility and choice for the pupils and teachers to select alternative activities that engage them with the concept and processes, thus fulfilling aspirations, preferences and needs set. These can include (at least four): outwitting opponents accurate replication of actions, phrases and sequences exploring and communicating ideas, concepts and emotions performing at maximum levels identifying and solving problems exercising safely and effectively. (New Secondary Curriculum 2007) Crichton illustrates this with the example of swimming. If you play water polo you are outwitting opponents, with synchronized swimming you will be replicating movements, in lane swimming youll be performing to your maximum speed, in life saving you are focused on problem solving, while in aqua aerobics you will be exercising to improve fitness, Pe and Sport Today (2007:2) this demonstrates how each activity requires you to swim but also focuses on a different outcome, demonstrating increased activity flexibility, which produces a framework to maintain pupil interest. Jim Knight the labour party policy MP supported in his speech (2008), that the new curriculum will intend to provide greater flexibility, with more opportunity for young people to shape their own learning route, enabling them to make the most of their specific talents and follow a working style that suits them, and as Hayes and Stidder (2003) discuss, any curriculum that captures pupils personal interests and enthusiasm is going to be more effective than one that does not. Greater flexibility will also give teachers more time to help pupils who have fallen behind to catch up, and those eager pupils who our awaiting further challenges. The Qcda (2009) highlight how flexibility in the curriculum gives schools more opportunity to adapt the NCPE to make the most of their local environment, resources and circumstance, to better meet pupils interests. An example could be; if a school was in a town like Newquay who have a fantastic sea-side resource, there is no reason that surfing or body boarding couldnt be established as an activity in the curriculum. The Governments introduction of the National Activities Week will also support time implications to arranging diverse, innovative activities such as this. To conclude this area of discussion the overall impact of this flexibility development to the learner is that it provides them with the support and challenge they need, whilst better meeting their interests and aspirations. As a result this will lead to further engagement with learning, to prohibit better progress and higher standards. Aiding a smoother development progress; and overall enjoyment of the school experience. To bring about discussion on the final area, Inclusion; the revision of the NCPE DfEE/QCA 1999 for England featured for the first time a detailed, statutory statement in inclusion. Penny (2002) states that in doing so re-emphasized the centrality of, inclusion, and inclusive practices in government policy related to education in PE. In broad terms the inclusion statement ensured all pupils were enabled to participate as fully and effectively as possible within the NC and the statutory assessment arrangements, (DfEE/QCA 1999:33) regardless of pupil background, circumstance and potential barriers to their learning. This required teachers to plan the NC with mandatory regard to three principles of inclusion: 1. Setting suitable learning challenges. 2. Responding to pupils diverse learning needs; 3. overcoming barriers to learning and assessment for individuals and groups of pupils. (DfEE/QCA 1999:28) Whilst teachers were expected to employ differentiated strategies to adhere to these principles, teacher understandings and conceptualizations of inclusion were still very much in its infancy. Hayes and Stidder (2003) highlight discussion on how the DfEE/QCA 1999 NCPE needed dramatic re-shaping for inclusivity to be activated; they saw that the organization of learning would have to be infinitely more flexible, with central relevance being based on differentiated practices; which is previously been discussed a prevalent theme in the new NCPE. The new NC has taken inclusivity to the next level, by wearing together previous inclusion programs of study together with the 10 high quality outcomes, the PESSCL work strands and the embedment of the Every Child Matters agenda; into a cohesive curriculum. Every Child Matters is a new approach to the well-being of children and young people from birth to age 19. The Governments aim is for every child, whatever their background or their circumsta nces, to have the support they need to: be healthy stay safe enjoy and achieve make a positive contribution achieve economic well-being. Every Child Matters (2003:6) In aid of inclusion the Youth Sports Trust (YST) and Sport England play a central role in the DCSF and DCMS in the delivery of PE and Sport for young people; aiming to encouraging young people to adopt healthier lifestyles, enjoying sport in a safe environment and striving to achieve success, all of which are key aims of the Every Child Matters agenda. The DfEE/QCA 1999 NCPE permitted pupils to achieve that of two hours of physical activity a week, including the NC for physical education and extra-curricular activities. With a percentage increase of young people doing at least two hours of high quality PE and sport each week raising from, 25% in 2002 to 90% in 2008, (PE and Sport Survey 2008:4) demonstrating how significant developments in inclusion where already prevalent. In the production of the new NCPE, the established links with governing bodies like YST and Sport England where progressed in the development of their first outcome, Guide to Delivering the Five Hour Offer. The a im of this commitment is to enable every young person aged 5-16 to have access to five hours of PE and Sport each week. It is expected that schools will provide three of the five hours; two hours through high quality PE within the curriculum and at least one hour a week of sport for all young people beyond the curriculum. Community and club providers will seek to ensure that an additional two hours a week are available. PE and Sport Survey (2008:6) YST further support specialist sports Colleges and the infrastructure of the school sport partnerships in the implementation of the secondary curriculum. As a brief side note this is where the introduction of School Sports Coordinators (SSCO) within the new NC has become so vital; because as Flintoff (2003) states the essence of a SSCO is to organize and encourage the school and community sport partnerships, freeing up time for PE teachers to develop innovative activities. The five hour offer forms a realization on the fact that young peo ple all have different needs and preferences which continuously change, but still need to be catered for; this supports the flexible ethos of the new NCPE, and links in support to the 2007 NC, Curriculum Opportunities section, 4.d, Following Pathways to other activities beyond school. (2007:195) The main discussion has been based around personal preferences to which are the most changed areas; but there are other more obvious differences that will now be discussed briefly, to end discussion and develop holistic understanding further. The initial obvious difference is the introduction of an Importance Statement that is something that has never existed in a NCPE before; its purpose is to holistically establish a general knowledge to the new NC brief, reading rather like a mission statement for the subject. It describes what PE is really all about; by outlining why PE is important and how it can contribute to the curriculum aims. Thus showing the types of outcomes you would hope to see from a good PE department making an excellent starting point for planning. The differing structure of the NCs is also initially something that strikes you, as the DfEE/QCA 1999 NC is an A4 document, bearing very explicit detailed guidelines; on contrast the 2007 NC is formatted in a small slimed down less prescriptive booklet with short concise instructions, with explanatory notes alongside to aid simple reading, similar to the slimmer DfE 1995 NC. Lastly; cross-curricular dimensions bear major relevance in the 2007 NCPE. These promote coherence between subjects to help learners make effective links in their learning. The Planning Guide for Schools (2009) state how the cross-curricular dimensions are unifying areas of learning that span the curriculum and help young people make sense of the world. They are not curriculum subjects, but are crucial aspects of learning that should permeate the curriculum and the life of a school. In conclusion this essay should demonstrate how important it is to remember how investigation of the past will help aid us see the way forward for the future. Holistically the essay has bought discussion upon how the prevalent contributions the new curriculum has to ensure better coherence. It has further highlights how it presents the curriculum as much more than just a set of content to cover; whilst still maintaining the best of the past yet offering, increased opportunity to design learning that develops the wider skills for life and learning as well as making links to the major ideas and challenges that face society and have significance for individuals. QCDA (2008) However after researching this topic their our areas of concern regarding questioning of the new curriculum being effectively institutionalize within schools; so following discussion in this essay the next area of analysis should be focused around the questions that, once the new innovative curriculum is fully enforc ed through all key stages, can physical education staff actually enforced it effectively, truly following the specific guidelines, can they handle the extra work load, are they to stuck in their old ways for change to actually take place? References: A Planning Guide for Schools: Cross-Curricular Dimensions (2009) London: QCA Association for Physical Education (2007). Physical Education Matters. Official Journal of the Association for Physical Education. Vol.2 No.4 Capel, S and Piotrowski, S (2003) Issues in Physical Education. Oxon: Routledge Falmer. Craft, A. (2000) Creativity across the Primary Curriculum: Framing and Developing Practice. London: Routledge. Declaration on Physical Education (2005). National Summit, London (www.afpe.org.uk) Department of Education and Science (DES) (1992) Physical Education in the National Curriculum.London: HMSO. DfE (Department for Education) (1995) Physical Education in the National Curriculum, London: HMSO DfEE/QCA (Department for Education and Employment/Qualifications and Curriculum Authority) (1999) Physical Education: The National Curriculum for England, London: HMSO Elliot, R. K. (1975) Imagination, a kind of Magical Faculty, Inaugural lecture, University of Birmingham, 1975. Every Child Matters Agenda (2003) Presented by Parliament: TSO; Norwich. Flintoff, A (2003) The School Sport Co-ordinator Programme: Changing the Role of Physical Education Teacher. Journal of Sport, Education and Society; Vol 8, No. 2, pp, 231-250 Hayes, S and Stidder, G. (2003) Equity and Inclusion in Physical Education and Sport. Oxon: Routledge. NationalCurriculum2007-http://curriculum.qcda.gov.uk/uploads/QCA-07-3342-p_PE_KS3_tcm8-407.pdf?return=/key-stages-3-and-4/subjects/physical-education/keystage3/index.aspx%3Freturn%3D/key-stages-3-and-4/subjects/physical-education/index.aspx%23page3_p (Date Accessed 31/10/09) Jim Knight (2008) http://www.jimknightmp.com/ (Date Accessed 11/11/09) Lavin, J. (2008) Creative Approaches to Teaching Physical Education: Helping Children Achieve Their True Potential. London: Routledge. National Advisory Committee on Creative and Cultural Education (NACCCE) (1999) All Our Futures: Creativity, Culture and Education. Suffolk: DfEE. New Secondary Curriculum- http://www.newsecondarycurriculum.org (Date Accessed 6/11/09) Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted) (2003). Expecting the Unexpected: Developing creativity in primary and secondary schools, London: Ofsted. Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted) (2002). Secondary subject reports 2000/1: Physical Education, London, HMSE. PE and Sport Today (2007) http://www.teachingexpertise.com/articles/key-concepts-the-new-secondary-pe-curriculum-2437 (Date Accessed 15/11/09) Penney, D. (2002) Equality, equity, and inclusion in Physical Education and School Sport, in A. Laker (ed.) The Sociology of Sport and Physical Education. An Introductory Reader. London: Routledge Farmer. Qualifications and Curriculum Authority (QCA) (2008) A big picture of the curriculum. London: CCEA Qualifications and Curriculum Authority (QCA) (2004). Creativity, find it, promote it. London: QCA Qualifications and Curriculum Authority (QCA) (2007) http://www.qca_12195.aspx (Date Accessed 13/11/09) Qualifications ND Curricular Developments (Qcda) (2009) The 11-19 Curriculum: From Implementation to Development. London: www.qcda.gov.uk (Date Accessed 7/11/09) Roberts, P. (2006) Nurturing Creativity in YOUNG People, London: DCMS DfES Robinson, K. [2001] Out of Our Minds: Learning To Be Creative. Oxford. Capstone The PE and Sport Strategy for Young People (2009) A Guide to Delivering the Five Hour Offer. Sport England, Youth Sport

Literary Analysis of American Literature Essay

As Elinor Ostrom explains, â€Å"To a great degree, his stories speak for those who are disenfranchised, cheated, abused, or ignored because of race or class. † Hughes’s stories speak of the downtrodden African-Americans neglected and overlooked by a prejudiced society. The recurring theme of powerlessness is exemplified in his narration â€Å"Let America Be America again†, â€Å"Harlem† and â€Å"The Negro Speaks of Rivers†. Hughes uses rhyme to draw attention to the poetic element of his narration â€Å"Let America Be America Again†. Words such as â€Å"be† and â€Å"free†, â€Å"dreamed and â€Å"schemed†, â€Å"wreathe† and â€Å"breathe† etc. all demonstrate rhyming. The central theme is that the author feels left out of the American Dream. Hughes is writing a poem of someone who feels that America is a land that lives up to begin to add up to that. The tone is angry and resentful. In this poem he is not representing the point of view of one particular group. Hughes conveys that there are many people who’ve come here with hopes and dreams and they’re being let down. He’s also saying that there is an economic disparity between people. In essence the rich get richer, and the poor get poorer, because there is no equal opportunity. That idea is something that is not real for many people because of their race, economic situation, and come up. The reader is immediately introduced to the fact that the author does not believe that America is all it can be due to the fact that the word again is used. He wants America to be â€Å"the dream it used to be. † But the powerful line is #5 which reads â€Å"America was never America. † This enhances what many people feel, that Americas ideals of equality, liberty, and land of the free don’t seem real. In a sense there is a positive tone because there is a hope that America can be a â€Å"great strong land of love,† O, let my land be a land where liberty Is crowned with no false patriotic wreath, But opportunity is real, and life is free, Equality is in the air we breathe. Liberty, which is another word for freedom is important in the dream America holds so preciously. The central message here is one of greed. Money is at the center of what America has become. Hughes feels that â€Å"power, gain† and owning property is the focus. It’s all about money. He says in line #32 to what America has become in his views. â€Å"Of owning everything for one’s own greed! † At the later stage of the poem, Hughes is coming back and saying sarcastically that he wouldn’t say there is freedom. He is speaking for the â€Å"millions† of people who have been struggling, hoping, working, flying flags, â€Å"who have nothing† except for dreams that are â€Å"almost dead. † â€Å"Harlem† by Langston Hughes is a poem that talks about what happens when we postpone our dreams. The poem is made up of a series of similes and it ends with a metaphor. The objective of the poem is to get us to think about what happens to a dream that is put off, postponed; what happens when we create our very own shelve of dreams? The â€Å"dream† refers to a goal in life, not the dreams we have while sleeping, but our deepest desires. There are many ways to understand this poem; it varies from person to person. Someone like me may see this poem as talking about just dreams in general. Others may see it as African-American’s dreams. Although the meter of â€Å"Harlem† varies, the poem has a rhythmic, lyrical quality achieved through alliteration, rhyme, repetition of certain words, and carefully placed stressed syllables. People need to think twice before deferring their dreams. Langston Hughes says it best in his poem Harlem asking the question. What happens to a dream deferred Langston Hughes describes the outcome of the question as an altogether bad idea, saying that deferring your dream is â€Å"fester like a sore† or â€Å"it stinks like rotten meat†. By using imagery, he wants the reader to know what it is like to defer a dream and how bad it is. The first image in the poem proposes that the dream dries up like a raisin. This simile likens the original dream to a grape, which is round, juicy, green and fresh. Once the dream has lain neglected for too long, it dries up. Where the raisin image invokes the senses of taste and sight, the simile of the sore conveys a sense of touch and bodily impact. By comparing the dream to a sore on the body, Hughes suggests that unfulfilled dreams become part of us, like scars. In Langston Hughes’ poem â€Å"The Negro Speaks of Rivers,† Hughes makes use of some interesting poetic techniques. This poem is written in free verse, at first glance, seems to be unstructured. Hughes repeats words and lines, but does not make use of repeated sounds. Finally, some of his word choices near the end of the poem help to bring the message of the poem across more strongly. These poetic techniques contribute greatly to the quality of the poem. The textual details of the poem invoke strong imagery related to veins, rivers, and the roots of trees and give the reader a sense of the timelessness of these objects. In the short first stanza, the speaker in the poem by Langston Hughes states that he has â€Å"known rivers ancient as the world and older than the flow of human blood in human veins. † From this early point in the point in the poem, images of the canals of veins that run throughout the human body as well as similar images of rivers that wind around and are shaped like veins form our understanding that this poem is about more than blood or water, it is about roots and circuits. He has a very deep meaning about how people feel by debating that his soul is so much stubborn now at this point that no external source could change it. Hughes’ poems illustrate many of the problems that African Americans faced during the depression era, ranging from prejudice and discrete racism to a general air of hopelessness and despair. His poetry basically develops the idea of celebrating and idealizing the Negro life in America. He is not much like the other poets who just uses a single voice/entity, instead has a tendency to express the visualizations through a number of voices making it more realistic. His expression consists of renunciation and feelings of personal cruelty.

Illiteracy: Education and Others Essay

illiteracy is noun which mean unable to read and write or don’t have primary education. we know that reading and writing is only the source of learning education systematically. the aim of formal education is to tame a man morally ethically as well as provide him the skills that can be helpful for him to stand with the developing societies. if we talk about illiteracy in broader sense , it is clear that it is not a good aspect of any society. Pakistan is one of the developing countries. Pakistan is surviving for many problems included illiteracy. he problems started from an individual and collectively effects the whole society to where he belongs to. as we know that a society is an organization and persons in groups are the components of this organization , so if a large group of organization is unable then how can they proceed the society. the improvement of a society is actually is the improvement of persons. people hesitate to educated their children formally. There are many reasons 1. Poverty: the cost of formal and quality eduction is very high so a even middle class family cannot afford it. nd large number of our intelligent students cannot get education . normally people of Pakistan struggle to achieve the basic needs of life and ignore this even it is a also a necessity of life. govt should introduce programs and spend budgets for educational programs so that our country can also stand with the developed countries . 2. Gender discrimination : Pakistan is an Islamic republic . in Pakistan people even not educated religiously they don’t know the importance of knowledge that religion Islam defines them. so they don’t know the rights of others. uman beings can be divided into two catagories . male and female . male as the dominant kind , does not allow woman to get there rights in the society . the rights also include the right of getting education. the population is comprises of large numbers of females . women are the 49. 19% of the whole population. so due to gender inequality this class remains illiterate and causes the increasing rate of illiteracy . the literacy rate in Pakistan is 46% and this caused by the large no of females and engaged children with labor to support the family. 3. Nawareness: normally people does not support the education ,firstly they think that it is a waste of money and time . a child should be skilled in order to support the family economically. the other misconception is that the children specially the female children will get spoil if they go to school. some people think that the today’s educational system will spoil the religious concepts. this all misunderstandings are producing the illiterate generation. the public is under the pressure of economical and political disasters and cannot understand it though the only solution is literacy.

Essay The Minimum Wage For Restaurant Workers Must Be Raised

It is but equity...that they who feed, clothe and lodge the whole body of the people, should have such a share of the produce of their own labor as to be themselves tolerably well fed, clothed and lodged. -- Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations, 1776 The restaurant server is one of the most popular jobs in the country and according to the National Restaurant Association, currently, 1 in 12 Americans work in the restaurant industry and about 50 percent of all adults have worked in the industry at some point during their lives. The industry is clearly very large with over 13 billion workers, but overall, workers in the industry do not get paid very well. According to the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL), the average annual salary for a†¦show more content†¦From about 11:30 AM to 1:30 PM, many customers come in for lunch and from 5:30 PM to about 8:00 PM, there is a dinner rush. During these periods, servers receive many tips due to the large volume of customers. But during the period between the lunch and dinner rushes and the period after the dinner rush, generally, restaurants receive a lot fewer customers, which is something I can attest to having worked in a restaurant this past summer. During these down periods, servers are not acquiring many tips, which means they do not have much to supplement their hourly wage. In addition, restaurant business is very dependent on the time of the year. While these seasonal fluctuations may not affect restaurants in major cities to a great extent, restaurants located in towns in touristy regions have a tourist season, in which restaurants are usually busy, but during the rest of the year, business declines. In terms of server wages at these restaurants, they are much higher during the tourist season, but servers often struggle to makes ends meet during the longer offseason. From a personal experience of working in a restaurant located in a touristy town, I found these fluctuations in business to be a reality. I worked in a restaurant in Williamstown, Massachusetts, which gets very busy in the summer due to a renowned theater festival. During the summer, the restaurant was completelyShow MoreRelatedShould The Miniumum Wage Be Increased? No?1477 Words   |  6 PagesShould the Miniumum Wage be Increased? No. In recent times, Congress has been spending a great deal of time advocating increasing the federal minimum wage from $7.25 to $10.10. Most democrats support the proposal; however, most republicans oppose it. 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